A1102
研究会Ｂ
SEMINAR B 		研究プロジェクト科目
Research Seminars
2 単位

CompMusic: Comparative and computational musicology (1)
CompMusic: Comparative and computational musicology (1)

開催日程 秋学期 金曜日２時限
担当教員 サベジ， パトリック Ｅ（サベジ パトリツク）
関連科目 前提科目（推奨）: C2121,B6178,B6175,C2127,C1161,65290,B6174
前提科目（関連）: B6096,X1014,B6097
授業形態 講義、ディスカッション、グループワーク、実験、演習
履修者制限
履修条件

使用言語 英語
連絡先 psavage@sfc.keio.ac.jp
授業ホームページ http://CompMusic.info
設置学部・研究科 総合政策・環境情報学部
大学院プロジェクト名

大学院プロジェクトサブメンバー

ゲストスピーカーの人数
履修選抜・課題タイプ=テキスト登録可 false
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GIGAサティフィケート対象
最終更新日 2020/07/06 15:56:00

研究会概要

目的・内容

[NB: subject to change]
AIM: The aim of this seminar is to break new ground in the science of the world's music, with a particular emphasis on comparative and/or computational methods.

CONTENTS: What is music, and why did it evolve? How can we understand the unity and diversity found throughout the world's music? Scientific attempts to answer these questions through cross-cultural comparison stalled during the 20th century and have only recently begun to make a resurgence with the power of modern computational methods. In this seminar, we investigate the past, present, and future of all the world's music (including folk, pop, and classical music from Japan and around the world) using comparative and/or computational methods (see Savage & Brown, 2013 for review). One of the most important requirements for this seminar is your curiosity about all kinds of music. Based on your interests, you will be asked to be involved in one of the following "core" projects:

XMIR (Cross-Cultural Music Information Retrieval). This project aims to develop methods for measuring musical similarity that can be used to compare any music that has existed or will exist (see Panteli, Benetos, & Dixon, 2018 for review). We will develop and compare manual and automated methods (e.g., Savage & Atkinson, 2015; Savage, Merritt, Rzeszutek, & Brown, 2012; Six, Cornelis, & Leman, 2013; Savage, 2018; Daikoku et al., 2018) with each other and with experimental data on perceived similarity. An ultimate goal is to develop an automated method that closely captures human perceptions of musical similarity and apply it to the music industry.

Cultural Evolution and Music History. This project aims to investigate the ways that different musics change over time and the factors that govern that process of change (Savage, 2017). We will investigate this both through analysis of past musical forms and their relationship to human history (e.g., Mauch, MacCallum, Levy, & Leroi, 2015; Savage, Matsumae, et al., 2015) and by simulating musical evolution through controlled laboratory experiments (e.g., Jacoby & Mcdermott, 2017; Ravignani, Delgado, & Kirby, 2016). An ultimate goal is to construct a unified history of all the world's music and its relationship with non-musical patterns of human history.

Musical Evolution. In this project, we seek to understand what aspects of music are common throughout humankind and the factors that have shaped their biological evolution (e.g., Savage, Brown, Sakai, & Currie, 2015). We will particularly focus on understanding the mechanisms governing scale intonation and people's emotional reactions to them (e.g., McDermott, Schultz, Undurraga, & Godoy, 2016; Kuroyanagi et al. 2019; Sato et al., 2019). An ultimate goal is to understand why music evolved and to apply that knowledge by using music to improve cross-cultural understanding.

Music Copyright. This project aims to apply comparative and computational methods to improve the fairness and efficiency of music copyright infringement evaluations. We will develop automated techniques such as sequence alignment algorithms (e.g., Savage & Atkinson, 2015) and test them to see how well they can predict past and future legal decisions (e.g., Mullensiefen & Pendzich, 2009; Savage et al., 2018). An ultimate goal of this project is to develop an automated system that can be applied by the music industry and legal system in the future.

Musical Aesthetics. This project aims to use cross-cultural perceptual experiments to investigate university and diversity in aesthetics responses to music. We are expanding experimental paradigms used for previous cross-cultural research on musical consonance (McDermott et al., 2016) to explore reactions to different kinds of consonance beyond those found in the standard 12-note Western chromatic scale.

Social Harmony. This project explores the relationship between music and cooperation. We build on previous research into such relationships (e.g., Rennung & Goritz, 2016; Wiltermuth & Heath, 2009) using techniques from behavioral economics and social psychology, trying to get deeper into the effects of different musical features (e.g., rhythm, melody, harmony, lyrics, dance) on prosocial behaviors.

Back to the Future Music. This project aims to use the vast untapped diversity of the world's music to inspire new music (e.g., Lomax, 1977). Musicians and composers will be encouraged to find inspiration by combining and expanding elements found in the world's music of the past and present to make new music for the future.

For all projects, you will be required to intensively learn how to plan, create, and analyze databases and experiments, and to write the results up as scientific articles. We encourage you to present your results at international conferences and publish peer-reviewed research articles. Our lab also encourages international research collaborations.

評価方法

Evaluation will be based on (1) participation (including attendance and Q&A of other students' presentations) and (2) quality of research activities.

教材・参考文献

Daikoku, H., Kinoshita, M., Fujii, S., & Savage, P. E. (2018). Human vs. automated judgements of cross-cultural musical similarity. In Extended abstracts for the Late-Breaking Demo Session of the 19th International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference (ISMIR 2018), Paris, France. http://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/x67nh

Jacoby, N., & Mcdermott, J. H. (2017). Integer ratio priors on musical rhythm revealed cross-culturally by iterated reproduction. Current Biology, 27, 359-370.

Kuroyanagi, Jiei, Shoichiro Sato, Meng-Jou Ho, Gakuto Chiba, Joren Six, Peter Pfordresher, Adam Tierney, Shinya Fujii, and Patrick E. Savage. 2019. “Automatic Comparison of Human Music, Speech, and Bird Song Suggests Uniqueness of Human Scales.” In Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Folk Music Analysis (FMA2019). https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zpv5w.

Lomax, A. (1977). Appeal for Cultural Equity. Journal of Communication, 27(2), 125-138.

Lomax, A. (1989). Cantometrics. In International Encyclopedia of Communications (1st ed., pp. 230-233).

Mauch, M., MacCallum, R. M., Levy, M., & Leroi, A. M. (2015). The evolution of popular music: USA 1960-2010. Royal Society Open Science, 2(5), 150081.

McDermott, J. H., Schultz, A. F., Undurraga, E. A., & Godoy, R. A. (2016). Indifference to dissonance in native Amazonians reveals cultural variation in music perception. Nature, 535, 547-550.

Mullensiefen, D., & Pendzich, M. (2009). Court decisions on music plagiarism and the predictive value of similarity algorithms. Musicae Scientiae, 13(1 Suppl), 257-295.

Panteli, M., Benetos, E., & Dixon, S. (2018). A review of manual and computational approaches for the study of world music corpora. Journal of New Music Research. http://doi.org/10.1080/09298215.2017.1418896

Ravignani, A., Delgado, T., & Kirby, S. (2016). Musical evolution in the lab exhibits rhythmic universals. Nature Human Behaviour, 1(7), 1-7. http://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-016-0007

Rennung, M., & Göritz, A. S. (2016). Prosocial consequences of interpersonal synchrony: A meta-analysis. Zeitschrift Für Psychologie, 224(3), 168–189. https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000252

Sato, Shoichiro, Joren Six, Peter Pfordresher, Shinya Fujii, and Patrick E. Savage. 2019. “Automatic Comparison of Global Children’s and Adult Songs Supports a Sensorimotor Hypothesis for the Origin of Musical Scales.” In Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Folk Music Analysis (FMA2019). https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/kt7py.

Savage, P. E. (2017). 音楽の文化的進化を測る ――ブリティッシュ・アメリカンと日本の民謡・ポップス・古典音楽の事例を通して―― [Measuring the cultural evolution of music: With case studies of British-American and Japanese folk, art, and popular music]. Tokyo University of the Arts.

Savage, P. E. (2018). Alan Lomax’s Cantometrics Project: A comprehensive review. Music & Science, 1, 1–19. http://doi.org/10.1177/2059204318786084

Savage, P. E. 2019. “Cultural Evolution of Music.” Palgrave Communications 5 (16): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-019-0221-1.

Savage, P. E., & Atkinson, Q. D. (2015). Automatic tune family identification by musical sequence alignment. In Proceedings of the 16th International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference (ISMIR 2015) (pp. 162-168).

Savage, P. E., & Brown, S. (2013). Toward a new comparative musicology. Analytical Approaches to World Music, 2(2), 148-197.

Savage, P. E., Brown, S., Sakai, E., & Currie, T. E. (2015). Statistical universals reveal the structures and functions of human music. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 112(29), 8987-8992.

Savage, P. E., Matsumae, H., Oota, H., Stoneking, M., Currie, T. E., Tajima, A., … Brown, S. (2015). How "circumpolar" is Ainu music? Musical and genetic perspectives on the history of the Japanese archipelago. Ethnomusicology Forum, 24(3), 443-467.

Savage, P. E., Merritt, E., Rzeszutek, T., & Brown, S. (2012). CantoCore: A new cross-cultural song classification scheme. Analytical Approaches to World Music, 2(1), 87-137.

Savage, P. E., Cronin, C., Mullensiefen, D., & Atkinson, Q. D. (2018). Quantitative evaluation of music copyright infringement. In Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Folk Music Analysis (FMA2018) (pp. 61–66). Thessaloniki, Greece. http://fma2018.mus.auth.gr/files/papers/FMA2018_paper_4.pdf

Six, J., Cornelis, O., & Leman, M. (2013). Tarsos, a modular platform for precise pitch analysis of Western and non-Western music. Journal of New Music Research, 42(2), 113-129.

Wiltermuth, S. S., & Heath, C. (2009). Synchrony and cooperation. Psychological Science, 20(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x

関連プロジェクト

NeuroMusic (Dr. Shinya FUJII)

課題

Presentations in English about research progress and about recent music/science research published by other labs. Poster/oral presentations and written reports.

来期の研究プロジェクトのテーマ予定

その他・留意事項

Students are expected to register for CompMusic seminars 1 &2 and also Dr. Fujii's seminar, covering Friday 2nd-4th period.

授業スケジュール